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Rosa Vercellana (3 June 1833 – 26 December 1885), commonly known as ‘Rosina’ and, in Piedmontese, as La Bela Rosin, was the mistress and later wife of Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy. She was made Countess of Mirafiori and Fontanafredda, but never Queen of Italy. ==Life== She was born in Nice, then part of the Kingdom of Sardinia, the youngest child of Giovanni Battista Vercellana and his wife Maria Teresa Griglio.〔(Full name of her mother )〕 Four days later she was baptised as Maria Rosa Teresa Aloisia.〔(‘Rosa Vercellana, the “Bela Rosin”’ ), ''La Veneria Reale'' (Consorzio di Valorizzazione Culturale “La Venaria Reale”).〕 〔Roberto Gervaso, ''La Bella Rosina, amore e ragion di stato in Casa Savoia'' (Milan: Bompiani 1991).〕 Her father, from Moncalvo in the Province of Asti, had been a standard bearer in the Napoleonic Imperial Guard. After the fall of Napoleon, he was appointed an Officer in the King's Guards and commanded the Royal Garrison in the hunting estate of Racconigi by 1847. There, while living with her family, the fourteen-year-old Rosa met Crown Prince Victor Emmanuel.〔 She became his mistress and later had two children by him. Their affair caused a great scandal in 1849 when Victor Emanuel was crowned King of Sardinia. When his Queen died in 1855, the King named Rosa Countess of Mirafiori and Fontanafredda by royal decree in 1858. The King also recognized their two children and assigned them the surname Guerrieri.〔, 〔Victor Emanuel had numerous children out of wedlock, by various mistresses in various parts of Italy. All were given the surname ‘Guerriero’ or ‘Guerrieri’. See (‘Parco fluviale del Po tratto torinese: Punti di Interesse’ ), Parks.it (Rome: Federazione Italiana Parchi e Riserve Natural).〕 In 1860 Victor Emmanuel established her in a new residence in a restored castle of La Mandria, near Venaria. In 1864 the capital of Italy was moved from Turin to Florence and Vercellana established herself there in the villa La Pietraia. Five years later the king fell gravely ill at San Rossore, the royal estate near Pisa. Fearing death, on October 18, 1869 he hurriedly married his mistress, in a purely religious ceremony which conferred no civil rights upon his wife. Telegrams to Rome followed, seeking papal benediction.〔(‘Parco fluviale del Po tratto torinese: Punti di Interesse’ ), Parks.it (Rome: Federazione Italiana Parchi e Riserve Natural).〕〔Denis Mack Smith, ''Modern Italy:A political history'' (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997), p. 88.〕 A civil ceremony was held in Rome eight years later in 1877. This was a morganatic marriage, so she was never made Queen and her children had no rights of succession to the throne.〔 Victor Emanuel died two months after the ceremony. Rosa Vercellana survived him by eight years, dying on 26 December 1885.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rosa Vercellana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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